IA, medios y brechas digitales en Latinoamérica: Perspectivas desde el Observatorio TIC de Panamá

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence and digital media on existing digital divides in Latin America, from a critical and regional perspective. The study is framed within the work of the TIC Observatory of the Technological University of Panama (UTP), in collaboration with the CIDITIC Research Center and with the support of the Internet Society (ISOC). The methodology employed was descriptive - comparative, based on the analysis of secondary data from recognized sources such as DataReportal, Telefónica Foundation, GSMA Intelligence, and the International Telecommunication Union. A systematic survey of key indicators on connectivity, social media usage, internet access, gender gaps, digital education, and access to emerging technologies was conducted in Central American and Latin American countries, with special emphasis on the Panamanian case. The reference period included the analysis of 2025 data, with historical comparisons from 2014. The results reveal a sustained increase in internet penetration and mobile devices in the region; however, marked digital inequalities persist according to socioeconomic level, geographical location, and educational level. Additionally, patterns of intensive social media use are identified without accompanying critical training in digital citizenship or understanding of artificial intelligence operations. In conclusion, the urgent need to strengthen digital inclusion strategies with an ethical, educational, and territorial focus is highlighted. The TIC Observatory – UTP positions itself as a key tool for monitoring and making visible these processes in the Latin American region.