Strategic Importance of Science, Technology and Innovation in Sustainable Development

Abstract

Investment in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) can contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Relevant aspects such as public health, quality education, renewable energies and efficient energy consumption, appropriate waste management, technologies applicable in productive agroecosystems, information and communication technologies (ICT), closing sociocultural gaps, improving competitiveness, to name a few. some; They constitute challenges to overcome to address the growing pressure that different livelihoods receive. The objective of this systematic review was to reflect on the strategic importance of STI in Sustainable Development. To this end, a total of 50 references related to the subject were consulted, defining seven thematic axes: i) CTI and health; ii) CTI and educational quality; iii) STI and energy sustainability; iv) STI and agricultural production; v) CTI and ICT; vi) CTI and closing gaps; vii) STI and competitiveness. According to the results, investment in CTI can, in a comprehensive manner, contribute to solutions to public health problems, improve and update educational quality standards, generate environmentally friendly energy alternatives that are feasible to be implemented, improve the performance and quality of education. agricultural production, facilitate appropriate communication channels, reduce social gaps and improve the competitiveness of nations. However, laws, rulers and genuinely committed citizens are required to achieve sustainable development through STI.